Testing of Internal Flaw in Welding, Casting, Forging, and Raw Materials:

• Ultrasonic testing (UT) is utilized to detect and evaluate internal flaws or defects within a wide range of materials and components, including welded joints, castings, forged parts, and raw materials.

• This method is applied to assess the quality and integrity of these materials by identifying any hidden discontinuities, such as cracks, inclusions, or voids.

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Test Range: 5 mm to 5000 mm of Steel:

• Ultrasonic testing with a pulse-echo technique is capable of inspecting materials with thicknesses within the range of 5 millimeters (5 mm) to 5000 millimeters (5000 mm).

• This wide range covers materials that vary from relatively thin sections, such as thin-walled pipes or plates, to very thick sections, such as heavy steel structures or large components.

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Type: Pulse Echo (Contact/Manual):

• In this particular ultrasonic testing application, a pulse-echo technique is employed.

Pulse-echo involves sending an ultrasonic pulse into the material and receiving the echoes reflected back from internal defects or boundaries.

• This method can be performed in a contact or manual manner, where the ultrasonic transducer is placed in direct contact with the material's surface, and the inspection is conducted by a trained technician manually scanning the area of interest.

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Overall, this description outlines the use of ultrasonic testing, including the specific range of material thicknesses it can cover and the type of technique employed to detect and assess internal flaws in various materials and components, with a focus on steel.