Magnetic Particle Testing (MPT) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) method used to detect and assess flaws, defects, and irregularities on the surface and just beneath the surface of materials. It is particularly effective for ferrous materials (materials containing iron) and most alloys of ferrous materials. Here's how MPT works:

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Detection of Flaws on the Surface and Subsurface:

• MPT is designed to identify discontinuities, such as cracks, inclusions, voids, or other defects in materials, with a specific focus on ferrous materials (materials that contain iron) and their various alloys. It can detect flaws located not only on the material's surface but also just below the surface, making it ideal for assessing the structural integrity of components and materials.

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Methods - Dry and Wet with Fluorescent and Visible Particles:

• Magnetic Particle Testing can be conducted using two primary methods and with different types of particles:

  1. Dry Method: In this approach, dry magnetic particles are applied to the surface of the material being inspected.

  2. ​Wet Method: In the wet method, a liquid suspension of magnetic particles is applied to the surface of the material.​​

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• Fluorescent and Visible Particles: Depending on the specific application and sensitivity requirements, two types of magnetic particles can be used:

  • Fluorescent Particles: These particles emit fluorescent light when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) or black light. They are used when a higher level of sensitivity is required, especially in low-light conditions. The fluorescent indications are easier to spot under UV or black light.

  • Visible Particles: These particles are employed for standard inspections under regular lighting conditions. They provide visible indications without the need for UV or black light.

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Magnetic Particle Testing is widely used in industries such as manufacturing, aerospace, automotive, and construction to ensure the quality and safety of components, welds, and structures, particularly when dealing with ferrous materials and their alloys. It is an essential non-destructive testing method for identifying and assessing surface and subsurface defects.